For many years, Kazakhstan’s economic narrative on the global stage was closely associated with extractive industries, large-scale infrastructure projects and its role as a transit corridor across Eurasia. By the 2020s this perception has begun to shift. An increasing number of international corporations no longer view Kazakhstan merely as a sales market and start to establish manufacturing facilities, expand production capacity and integrate local suppliers. It turns the country into a regional industrial platform with export ambitions.
From consumer market to manufacturing base
By 2025, Kazakhstan’s economy clearly demonstrates signs of structural transformation. As global supply chains are being reconfigured amid rising geopolitical and logistical uncertainty, multinational companies are actively diversifying their production footprints. In this context, Kazakhstan is steadily emerging as a manufacturing hub capable of serving not only its domestic market, but also Central Asia, the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and neighbouring regions.
This shift is firmly embedded in national economic policy. Manufacturing output is expected to grow by around 6% in 2025, with a target of 6,2% set for 2026. Processing industries are increasingly becoming the backbone of economic growth, gradually reducing the country’s historical dependence on raw material exports.
Metallurgy remains one of the core drivers of Kazakhstan’s manufacturing sector. In 2026, output growth in the industry is projected at around 3%, supported by new facilities reaching full design capacity, including Kyzyl Aray Copper, Ekibastuz FerroAlloys, Kazferro Limited and Shagala Mining. In ferrous metallurgy, production of ferroalloys, steel, pig iron and flat products is expected to expand, while non-ferrous metallurgy will see increased output of gold, copper, aluminium and zinc.
Mechanical engineering is showing even stronger dynamics. Growth of 13,4% is planned for 2026, driven largely by a 17% increase in passenger vehicle production and a 5% rise in agricultural machinery output. The chemical industry is also on an upward trajectory, with production expected to grow by 7% in 2026 following the commissioning of new capacities for sulphuric acid, sodium cyanide, hydrogen peroxide and liquid glass.
Trade continues to play a significant role in the broader economic landscape. In 2026, total trade turnover is targeted at KZT 92.4 trillion, representing growth of 6,5%. This expansion will be supported by stable oil and petroleum product output, large-scale programmes for processing food and non-food goods, and the launch of four major B2B platforms focused on wholesale export trade, including the China-bound direction.
Agriculture is also gaining momentum, particularly in food processing. In 2026, production of food products and beverages is expected to grow by 9% and 9,3%, respectively, reinforcing the value-added component of the sector and enhancing its export potential.
This transformation is the result of reforms implemented in recent years. Measures aimed at improving the investment climate, modernising industrial zones and increasing regulatory predictability have created more favourable conditions for longterm capital investment. Special economic zones, tax incentives and streamlined approval procedures allow foreign manufacturers to plan production strategies with a long-term horizon.
Building the institutional foundations for industrialisation
At a time when companies are reassessing the geography of their manufacturing networks, Kazakhstan offers a combination of political stability, proximity to several large markets and a regulatory environment that is broadly familiar to international investors. This makes the country attractive as both an additional and an alternative production location.
A telling example of this shift is the global food corporation Mars. For many years, the company operated in Kazakhstan primarily as an importer and distributor, but it has already begun preparations to localise production in the Almaty region through the construction of a pet food manufacturing facility. Total investment will exceed KZT 88.8 billion, while the plant’s designed capacity is expected to reach up to 100,000 tonnes of output per year. This move underscores a broader trend among foreign manufacturers, who are increasingly opting for local production rather than relying solely on imports.
New projects are also emerging in the pharmaceutical sector. An investment agreement has been signed with Khan Tengri Biopharma, which will build a manufacturing complex within the Alatau Special Economic Zone. The facility’s production portfolio will include 27 international non-proprietary names (INNs), covering medicines for the treatment of oncological, autoimmune, rare and inflammatory diseases. Total investment in the project will exceed KZT 103 billion, enabling not only import substitution but also, in the longer term, the launch of export supplies.
Kazakhstan’s evolution into an industrial hub is equally evident in more capitalintensive and technologically demanding sectors. The launch of a full-cycle KIA automobile plant in Kostanay in 2025 marked a significant milestone for the country’s automotive industry. Investments exceeding USD 270 million are geared not only towards the domestic market, but also towards exports to Central Asia and EAEU member states. Full-cycle production requires a developed supplier network, skilled personnel and long-term planning, effectively turning such facilities into anchors for industrial clusters.
Another example of deeper localization is Wabtec. The American locomotive manufacturer has operated in Kazakhstan for many years, but its role has expanded significantly with the growth of local content and the establishment of an engineering and technology centre in Astana. Long-term contracts with the national railway company provide stable demand, while the transfer of engineering expertise and management know-how strengthens Kazakhstan’s high-tech industrial capabilities.
Localization is particularly visible in the metallurgical sector. ERG, one of the world’s leading diversified metals and mining groups, increased the share of goods and services sourced from Kazakh suppliers to 60% in 2024, up from 48% a year earlier.
Special emphasis is placed on supporting local manufacturers in mono-industrial towns where ERG operates. In 2024, such procurement accounted for 21.5% of the group’s total purchases in Kazakhstan, with the trend continuing alongside the launch of new, including environmentally advanced, facilities.
Qarmet, one of Kazakhstan’s largest metallurgical assets, is implementing two strategic projects that significantly strengthen the domestic industrial base. The first involves the launch of a section rolling mill in partnership with Chinese companies, enabling full import substitution in construction metallurgy and stabilising the domestic market. The second project is the construction of a casting and rolling complex in the Karaganda region, producing hot-rolled steel with widths of up to 1,850 mm and thicknesses ranging from 0.8 to 16 mm. This output is in demand across automotive, oil and gas, nuclear, medical and pipe manufacturing industries, as well as in household appliance production. The projects are expected to reduce production costs, lower energy consumption and expand Kazakhstan’s portfolio of high-value steel products.
Building the investment pipeline
The government actively supports this industrialisation drive. A portfolio of 20 major projects with foreign participation, valued at approximately KZT 5.7 trillion, has already been formed, creating more than 11,000 jobs. In addition, nine multilateral projects involving companies from two or more countries are being implemented, with a combined value of around USD 2.4 billion and over 2,800 new jobs. Financing is facilitated through national companies and development institutions, helping to mitigate investment risks.
Most new manufacturing facilities are designed with export orientation from the outset. Automotive production, metallurgy and machinery manufacturing are increasingly targeting markets in Central Asia and the EAEU. Localization generates a strong multiplier effect across the economy: employment growth extends beyond factory floors into logistics, engineering and related services, while skills transfer contributes to the formation of a more qualified workforce.
While challenges remain, including the upgrade of technological capacity, the overall direction is clear. The expanding presence of global corporations reflects the emergence of an environment increasingly conducive to industrial development.
Investments in localization and processing demonstrate business confidence in Kazakhstan’s long-term trajectory and underscore the country’s growing ability to integrate into global and regional value chains. By attracting multinational manufacturers, promoting localization and strengthening export capacity, Kazakhstan is steadily reinforcing its position as a key industrial hub in Eurasia.